to humble one's self

prō-volvo, volvi, vŏlūtum, 3, v. a.

Lit.

In gen., to roll or tumble forwards, to roll along, roll over and over, roll away (class., but not in Cic.):

aliquem in viam mediam,

Ter. And. 4, 4, 37:

corpora,

Lucr. 6, 1264:

ubi glaeba e terrā provolvitur ingens,

id. 6, 553:

cupas ardentes in opera,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 42:

congestas lapidum moles,

Tac. A. 4, 51:

Galba projectus e sellā ac provolutus est,

id. H. 1, 41; Verg. A. 12, 533; 10, 556.—

In partic., with se or mid., to cast one's self down, fall down, prostrate one's self at another's feet (syn. prosterno):

se alicui ad pedes,

Liv. 6, 3:

flentes ad genua consulis provolvuntur,

id. 34, 11:

provolutae ad pedes,

Curt. 3, 12, 11:

genibus ejus provolutus,

Tac. A. 12, 18; 11, 30; Just. 11, 9, 14.—

Trop., to snatch away, carry away, hurry on (post-Aug.):

multi fortunis provolvebantur,

i. e. are ruined, Tac. A. 6, 17.—

Mid., to humble one's self:

usque ad libita Pallantis provoluta,

submitting to the desires of, Tac. A. 14, 2:

provolutus effususque in iram,

Gell. 1, 26, 7.

supplĭco ( subpl-), āvi, ātum, 1 ( perf. subj. supplicassis, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; in tmesi: sub vos placo, Auct. ap. Fest. s. v. sub, p. 309, and s. v. ob, p. 190 Müll.), v. n. and a. [supplex], to kneel down or humble one ' s self, to pray or beg humbly, to beseech, implore, supplicate (class.; cf.: oro, adoro, precor).

In gen.

With dat.:

cui irato supplicet,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 24:

nec quoiquam supplico,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 47:

ipsum hunc orabo: huic supplicabo,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 12:

is sibi me supplicaturum putat,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 50:

populo Romano supplicare,

Cic. Planc. 20, 50:

alicui summisse,

id. ib. 5, 12:

neque Caesari solum, sed etiam amicis ejus omnibus pro te libentissime supplicabo,

id. Fam. 6, 14, 3; cf. id. ib. 6, 13, 2; id. Font. 15, 35 (11, 25):

cum tot res sint, quae vestris animis supplicent,

id. ib. 14, 31:

supplicare indignis,

Ov. M. 6, 367. — Pass. impers.:

ut, si tui nobis potestas saepius fieret, non multum Graecis supplicandum putarem,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 75. —

Absol.:

supplicabo, exobsecrabo, ut quemque amicum videro,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 93:

venire domum ad eum, precari, denique supplicare,

Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

precari ab indigno, supplicare, etc.,

id. Lael. 16, 57:

nemo rem publicam imploravit, nemo supplicavit,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 230:

missitare supplicantes legatos, Sall J. 38, 1: Pompeiani querentes supplicavere,

Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21; Suet. Claud. 1.—

With acc. (ante- and post-class.):

quod domi'st, numquam ulli supplicabo,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 48:

sub vos placo, Auct. ap. Fest. l. l.: imperatores nostros,

Dig. 28, 5, 92:

contrarios,

Amm. 30, 8, 10.—

In partic., to pray to or supplicate as a god; to pray, worship:

vilica Lari familiari pro copia supplicet,

Cato, R. R. 143, 2; cf. Plaut. Aul. prol. 24:

in fano supplicare,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:

a dis supplicans invenire veniam sibi,

id. Rud. prol. 26:

per hostias diis supplicare,

Sall. J. 63, 1:

populus frequens iit supplicatum,

Liv. 3, 63, 5; 10, 23, 2:

circa fana deorum,

id. 24, 23, 1:

molā salsā supplicare,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 83:

sacrificio supplicari,

Capitol. Max. 24. — Impers. pass.: Metello venienti ture, quasi deo, supplicabatur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

ut, cujus sepulcrum usquam exstet... ei publice supplicetur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

supplicatum totā urbe est,

Liv. 27, 23, 7:

ture nec supplicabatur,

Plin. 13, 1, 1, § 2.

supplĭco ( subpl-), āvi, ātum, 1 ( perf. subj. supplicassis, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 61; in tmesi: sub vos placo, Auct. ap. Fest. s. v. sub, p. 309, and s. v. ob, p. 190 Müll.), v. n. and a. [supplex], to kneel down or humble one ' s self, to pray or beg humbly, to beseech, implore, supplicate (class.; cf.: oro, adoro, precor).

In gen.

With dat.:

cui irato supplicet,

Plaut. As. 1, 2, 24:

nec quoiquam supplico,

id. Bacch. 2, 2, 47:

ipsum hunc orabo: huic supplicabo,

Ter. And. 2, 1, 12:

is sibi me supplicaturum putat,

id. Hec. 3, 5, 50:

populo Romano supplicare,

Cic. Planc. 20, 50:

alicui summisse,

id. ib. 5, 12:

neque Caesari solum, sed etiam amicis ejus omnibus pro te libentissime supplicabo,

id. Fam. 6, 14, 3; cf. id. ib. 6, 13, 2; id. Font. 15, 35 (11, 25):

cum tot res sint, quae vestris animis supplicent,

id. ib. 14, 31:

supplicare indignis,

Ov. M. 6, 367. — Pass. impers.:

ut, si tui nobis potestas saepius fieret, non multum Graecis supplicandum putarem,

Cic. Fin. 5, 25, 75. —

Absol.:

supplicabo, exobsecrabo, ut quemque amicum videro,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 93:

venire domum ad eum, precari, denique supplicare,

Cic. Par. 5, 3, 40:

precari ab indigno, supplicare, etc.,

id. Lael. 16, 57:

nemo rem publicam imploravit, nemo supplicavit,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 230:

missitare supplicantes legatos, Sall J. 38, 1: Pompeiani querentes supplicavere,

Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 21; Suet. Claud. 1.—

With acc. (ante- and post-class.):

quod domi'st, numquam ulli supplicabo,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 48:

sub vos placo, Auct. ap. Fest. l. l.: imperatores nostros,

Dig. 28, 5, 92:

contrarios,

Amm. 30, 8, 10.—

In partic., to pray to or supplicate as a god; to pray, worship:

vilica Lari familiari pro copia supplicet,

Cato, R. R. 143, 2; cf. Plaut. Aul. prol. 24:

in fano supplicare,

id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:

a dis supplicans invenire veniam sibi,

id. Rud. prol. 26:

per hostias diis supplicare,

Sall. J. 63, 1:

populus frequens iit supplicatum,

Liv. 3, 63, 5; 10, 23, 2:

circa fana deorum,

id. 24, 23, 1:

molā salsā supplicare,

Plin. 12, 18, 41, § 83:

sacrificio supplicari,

Capitol. Max. 24. — Impers. pass.: Metello venienti ture, quasi deo, supplicabatur, Sall. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 2, 9:

ut, cujus sepulcrum usquam exstet... ei publice supplicetur,

Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

supplicatum totā urbe est,

Liv. 27, 23, 7:

ture nec supplicabatur,

Plin. 13, 1, 1, § 2.

con-temno (also contempno; cf. Ritschl Prol. ad Plaut. p. 103), tempsi (-temsi), temptum (-temtum), 3, v. a., to consider a person or thing as unimportant or of small value, to value little, esteem lightly, contemn, despise, disdain, defy, not to fear, etc. (very freq. in connection with irridere, despicere, non curare, pro nihilo ducere, etc.; opp.: expetere, efferre, timere, metuere, etc.; v. the foll. and cf. aspernor; fre[qacute]. and class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

With things as objects:

quodque ea, quae plerique vehementer expetunt, contemnant et pro nihilo ducant,

Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28; id. Fin. 3, 9, 29:

corporis voluptatem contemni et reici oportere,

id. Off. 1, 30, 106:

illum exercitum prae Gallicanis legionibus... magno opere contemno,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5:

Romam prae suā Capuā irridebunt atque contemnent,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

non usque eo L. Catilina rem publicam despexit atque contempsit, ut, etc.,

id. Mur. 37, 78; cf. id. Verr. 1, 3, 9:

quam (virtutem)... reliquā ex collatione facile est conterere atque contemnere,

in consequence of, id. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

Isocrates videtur testimonio Platonis aliorum judicia debere contemnere,

id. Or. 13, 41:

magna sunt ea, quae dico: noli haec contemnere (= levia habere),

esteem lightly, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39: nullam rem in me esse quam ille contemnat (= non timeat), nullam in se quam pertimescat, id. ib. 7, 23; cf.

opp. metuere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

neque enim refutanda tantum, quae e contrario dicuntur, sed contemnenda, elevanda, ridenda sunt,

Quint. 6, 4, 10 Spald.; cf. id. 4, 1, 38 al. (cf. under II.):

imperium meum,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 10:

tuum consilium,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 15:

mea dona,

Lucr. 1, 48:

murmura ponti,

id. 3, 1045:

praeclare res humanas,

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

parva ista,

Liv. 6, 41, 8:

laborem bene dicendi,

Quint. 1, prooem. 14:

metum jurisjurandi,

id. 5, 6, 3:

populi voces,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 65:

honores,

id. ib. 2, 7, 85:

cantus Apollineos prae se,

Ov. M. 11, 155:

Antoni gladios potuit contemnere (Cicero),

Juv. 10, 123:

paucitatem in hoste,

Curt. 3, 3, 28.— Poet.:

nullas illa suis contemnet fletibus aras,

neglect, leave unvisited, Prop. 1, 4, 23. —

With inf.:

non contemnas lippus inungi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 29; so,

coronari Olympia,

id. ib. 1, 1, 50:

mori,

Sen. Phoen. 197. —

Absol.:

ut irascatur judex... faveat, contemnat,

Cic. Or. 38, 131; cf. Quint. 9, 1, 23.—

In part. fut. pass.:

quae (amplitudo animi) maxime eminet contemnendis et despiciendis doloribus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

documenta in contemnendis animalibus,

despicable, contemptible, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104. —Esp. freq. with a negative:

(orationes) non contemnendae saneque tolerabiles,

Cic. Brut. 79, 273; cf. under II.—

Poet., of things as subjects, to defy, be safe from, not to fear, to make light of:

adamantina saxa ictus contemnere sueta,

Lucr. 2, 448; cf. id. 5, 380; 5, 1216; Tib. 1, 3, 37:

contemnere ventos, of the island of Delos, because protected from the winds by the surrounding islands,

Verg. A. 3, 77; cf. id. G. 2, 360:

contemnunt mediam temeraria lina Charybdim,

Juv. 5, 102.—

With personal objects: a te contemni ac despici ac pro nihilo haberi senatum volunt, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 436, 27:

contemni se putant (senes), despici, illudi,

id. Sen. 18, 65; id. Off. 2, 10, 36:

omnes istos deridete atque contemnite,

id. de Or. 3, 14, 54; Sall. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; Liv. 22, 39, 20; Quint. 6, 2, 3:

contemnere miser,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 14 et saep. —Se contemnere, to put a small value upon one's self, to have an humble or low opinion of one's self. (opp.:

sibi satisplacere),

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41; id. Mil. 4, 6, 21; and inversely: se non contemnere, to have a high regard for or estimate of one's self, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5; id. Phil. 13, 7, 15; Liv. 4, 35, 9:

nec (Batavi) tributis contemnuntur,

are humiliated, Tac. G. 29.—

Absol.:

quae res illis contemnentibus perniciei fuit,

Nep. Thras. 2, 2.—

In part. fut. pass.:

ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269; 13, 51; id. Or. 69, 231:

copiae neque numero neque genere hominum contemnendae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

manus,

i. e. considerable, Suet. Tib. 25.—

Esp., to slight, speak contemptuously of, disparage:

contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15; id. de Or. 1, 17, 75; 3, 16, 59: populi contemnere voces, Sic. Hor. S. 1, 1, 65.—Hence, contemptus ( - temtus), a, um, P. a., despised, despicable, contemptible, vile, abject (class.):

comtemptus et abjectus homo,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

contempta ac sordida vita,

id. Planc. 5, 12:

a vili contemptoque,

Quint. 6, 1, 16:

res,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 25 et saep.—With dat.:

Trebellius per avaritiam ac sordes contemptus exercitui invisusque,

Tac. H. 1, 60.— Comp.:

quae vox potest esso contemptior, quam Milonis Crotoniatae?

Cic. Sen. 9, 27; id. Phil. 3, 6, 16; id. Div. 2, 57, 117; Suet. Tib. 13; id. Ter. 2.— Sup.:

contemptissimorum consulum levitas,

Cic. Sest. 16, 36; so Quint. 12, 2, 2; Suet. Dom. 15.— Adv.: contemptē ( - temtē), contemptibly, despicably; only in comp. contemptius, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 1; Suet. Dom. 11 (but not Tac. H. 3, 47; v. contemptim).

con-temno (also contempno; cf. Ritschl Prol. ad Plaut. p. 103), tempsi (-temsi), temptum (-temtum), 3, v. a., to consider a person or thing as unimportant or of small value, to value little, esteem lightly, contemn, despise, disdain, defy, not to fear, etc. (very freq. in connection with irridere, despicere, non curare, pro nihilo ducere, etc.; opp.: expetere, efferre, timere, metuere, etc.; v. the foll. and cf. aspernor; fre[qacute]. and class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

With things as objects:

quodque ea, quae plerique vehementer expetunt, contemnant et pro nihilo ducant,

Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28; id. Fin. 3, 9, 29:

corporis voluptatem contemni et reici oportere,

id. Off. 1, 30, 106:

illum exercitum prae Gallicanis legionibus... magno opere contemno,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5:

Romam prae suā Capuā irridebunt atque contemnent,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

non usque eo L. Catilina rem publicam despexit atque contempsit, ut, etc.,

id. Mur. 37, 78; cf. id. Verr. 1, 3, 9:

quam (virtutem)... reliquā ex collatione facile est conterere atque contemnere,

in consequence of, id. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

Isocrates videtur testimonio Platonis aliorum judicia debere contemnere,

id. Or. 13, 41:

magna sunt ea, quae dico: noli haec contemnere (= levia habere),

esteem lightly, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39: nullam rem in me esse quam ille contemnat (= non timeat), nullam in se quam pertimescat, id. ib. 7, 23; cf.

opp. metuere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

neque enim refutanda tantum, quae e contrario dicuntur, sed contemnenda, elevanda, ridenda sunt,

Quint. 6, 4, 10 Spald.; cf. id. 4, 1, 38 al. (cf. under II.):

imperium meum,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 10:

tuum consilium,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 15:

mea dona,

Lucr. 1, 48:

murmura ponti,

id. 3, 1045:

praeclare res humanas,

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

parva ista,

Liv. 6, 41, 8:

laborem bene dicendi,

Quint. 1, prooem. 14:

metum jurisjurandi,

id. 5, 6, 3:

populi voces,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 65:

honores,

id. ib. 2, 7, 85:

cantus Apollineos prae se,

Ov. M. 11, 155:

Antoni gladios potuit contemnere (Cicero),

Juv. 10, 123:

paucitatem in hoste,

Curt. 3, 3, 28.— Poet.:

nullas illa suis contemnet fletibus aras,

neglect, leave unvisited, Prop. 1, 4, 23. —

With inf.:

non contemnas lippus inungi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 29; so,

coronari Olympia,

id. ib. 1, 1, 50:

mori,

Sen. Phoen. 197. —

Absol.:

ut irascatur judex... faveat, contemnat,

Cic. Or. 38, 131; cf. Quint. 9, 1, 23.—

In part. fut. pass.:

quae (amplitudo animi) maxime eminet contemnendis et despiciendis doloribus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

documenta in contemnendis animalibus,

despicable, contemptible, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104. —Esp. freq. with a negative:

(orationes) non contemnendae saneque tolerabiles,

Cic. Brut. 79, 273; cf. under II.—

Poet., of things as subjects, to defy, be safe from, not to fear, to make light of:

adamantina saxa ictus contemnere sueta,

Lucr. 2, 448; cf. id. 5, 380; 5, 1216; Tib. 1, 3, 37:

contemnere ventos, of the island of Delos, because protected from the winds by the surrounding islands,

Verg. A. 3, 77; cf. id. G. 2, 360:

contemnunt mediam temeraria lina Charybdim,

Juv. 5, 102.—

With personal objects: a te contemni ac despici ac pro nihilo haberi senatum volunt, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 436, 27:

contemni se putant (senes), despici, illudi,

id. Sen. 18, 65; id. Off. 2, 10, 36:

omnes istos deridete atque contemnite,

id. de Or. 3, 14, 54; Sall. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; Liv. 22, 39, 20; Quint. 6, 2, 3:

contemnere miser,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 14 et saep. —Se contemnere, to put a small value upon one's self, to have an humble or low opinion of one's self. (opp.:

sibi satisplacere),

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41; id. Mil. 4, 6, 21; and inversely: se non contemnere, to have a high regard for or estimate of one's self, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5; id. Phil. 13, 7, 15; Liv. 4, 35, 9:

nec (Batavi) tributis contemnuntur,

are humiliated, Tac. G. 29.—

Absol.:

quae res illis contemnentibus perniciei fuit,

Nep. Thras. 2, 2.—

In part. fut. pass.:

ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269; 13, 51; id. Or. 69, 231:

copiae neque numero neque genere hominum contemnendae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

manus,

i. e. considerable, Suet. Tib. 25.—

Esp., to slight, speak contemptuously of, disparage:

contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15; id. de Or. 1, 17, 75; 3, 16, 59: populi contemnere voces, Sic. Hor. S. 1, 1, 65.—Hence, contemptus ( - temtus), a, um, P. a., despised, despicable, contemptible, vile, abject (class.):

comtemptus et abjectus homo,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

contempta ac sordida vita,

id. Planc. 5, 12:

a vili contemptoque,

Quint. 6, 1, 16:

res,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 25 et saep.—With dat.:

Trebellius per avaritiam ac sordes contemptus exercitui invisusque,

Tac. H. 1, 60.— Comp.:

quae vox potest esso contemptior, quam Milonis Crotoniatae?

Cic. Sen. 9, 27; id. Phil. 3, 6, 16; id. Div. 2, 57, 117; Suet. Tib. 13; id. Ter. 2.— Sup.:

contemptissimorum consulum levitas,

Cic. Sest. 16, 36; so Quint. 12, 2, 2; Suet. Dom. 15.— Adv.: contemptē ( - temtē), contemptibly, despicably; only in comp. contemptius, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 1; Suet. Dom. 11 (but not Tac. H. 3, 47; v. contemptim).

con-temno (also contempno; cf. Ritschl Prol. ad Plaut. p. 103), tempsi (-temsi), temptum (-temtum), 3, v. a., to consider a person or thing as unimportant or of small value, to value little, esteem lightly, contemn, despise, disdain, defy, not to fear, etc. (very freq. in connection with irridere, despicere, non curare, pro nihilo ducere, etc.; opp.: expetere, efferre, timere, metuere, etc.; v. the foll. and cf. aspernor; fre[qacute]. and class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

With things as objects:

quodque ea, quae plerique vehementer expetunt, contemnant et pro nihilo ducant,

Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28; id. Fin. 3, 9, 29:

corporis voluptatem contemni et reici oportere,

id. Off. 1, 30, 106:

illum exercitum prae Gallicanis legionibus... magno opere contemno,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5:

Romam prae suā Capuā irridebunt atque contemnent,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

non usque eo L. Catilina rem publicam despexit atque contempsit, ut, etc.,

id. Mur. 37, 78; cf. id. Verr. 1, 3, 9:

quam (virtutem)... reliquā ex collatione facile est conterere atque contemnere,

in consequence of, id. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

Isocrates videtur testimonio Platonis aliorum judicia debere contemnere,

id. Or. 13, 41:

magna sunt ea, quae dico: noli haec contemnere (= levia habere),

esteem lightly, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39: nullam rem in me esse quam ille contemnat (= non timeat), nullam in se quam pertimescat, id. ib. 7, 23; cf.

opp. metuere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

neque enim refutanda tantum, quae e contrario dicuntur, sed contemnenda, elevanda, ridenda sunt,

Quint. 6, 4, 10 Spald.; cf. id. 4, 1, 38 al. (cf. under II.):

imperium meum,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 10:

tuum consilium,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 15:

mea dona,

Lucr. 1, 48:

murmura ponti,

id. 3, 1045:

praeclare res humanas,

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

parva ista,

Liv. 6, 41, 8:

laborem bene dicendi,

Quint. 1, prooem. 14:

metum jurisjurandi,

id. 5, 6, 3:

populi voces,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 65:

honores,

id. ib. 2, 7, 85:

cantus Apollineos prae se,

Ov. M. 11, 155:

Antoni gladios potuit contemnere (Cicero),

Juv. 10, 123:

paucitatem in hoste,

Curt. 3, 3, 28.— Poet.:

nullas illa suis contemnet fletibus aras,

neglect, leave unvisited, Prop. 1, 4, 23. —

With inf.:

non contemnas lippus inungi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 29; so,

coronari Olympia,

id. ib. 1, 1, 50:

mori,

Sen. Phoen. 197. —

Absol.:

ut irascatur judex... faveat, contemnat,

Cic. Or. 38, 131; cf. Quint. 9, 1, 23.—

In part. fut. pass.:

quae (amplitudo animi) maxime eminet contemnendis et despiciendis doloribus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

documenta in contemnendis animalibus,

despicable, contemptible, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104. —Esp. freq. with a negative:

(orationes) non contemnendae saneque tolerabiles,

Cic. Brut. 79, 273; cf. under II.—

Poet., of things as subjects, to defy, be safe from, not to fear, to make light of:

adamantina saxa ictus contemnere sueta,

Lucr. 2, 448; cf. id. 5, 380; 5, 1216; Tib. 1, 3, 37:

contemnere ventos, of the island of Delos, because protected from the winds by the surrounding islands,

Verg. A. 3, 77; cf. id. G. 2, 360:

contemnunt mediam temeraria lina Charybdim,

Juv. 5, 102.—

With personal objects: a te contemni ac despici ac pro nihilo haberi senatum volunt, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 436, 27:

contemni se putant (senes), despici, illudi,

id. Sen. 18, 65; id. Off. 2, 10, 36:

omnes istos deridete atque contemnite,

id. de Or. 3, 14, 54; Sall. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; Liv. 22, 39, 20; Quint. 6, 2, 3:

contemnere miser,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 14 et saep. —Se contemnere, to put a small value upon one's self, to have an humble or low opinion of one's self. (opp.:

sibi satisplacere),

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41; id. Mil. 4, 6, 21; and inversely: se non contemnere, to have a high regard for or estimate of one's self, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5; id. Phil. 13, 7, 15; Liv. 4, 35, 9:

nec (Batavi) tributis contemnuntur,

are humiliated, Tac. G. 29.—

Absol.:

quae res illis contemnentibus perniciei fuit,

Nep. Thras. 2, 2.—

In part. fut. pass.:

ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269; 13, 51; id. Or. 69, 231:

copiae neque numero neque genere hominum contemnendae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

manus,

i. e. considerable, Suet. Tib. 25.—

Esp., to slight, speak contemptuously of, disparage:

contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15; id. de Or. 1, 17, 75; 3, 16, 59: populi contemnere voces, Sic. Hor. S. 1, 1, 65.—Hence, contemptus ( - temtus), a, um, P. a., despised, despicable, contemptible, vile, abject (class.):

comtemptus et abjectus homo,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

contempta ac sordida vita,

id. Planc. 5, 12:

a vili contemptoque,

Quint. 6, 1, 16:

res,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 25 et saep.—With dat.:

Trebellius per avaritiam ac sordes contemptus exercitui invisusque,

Tac. H. 1, 60.— Comp.:

quae vox potest esso contemptior, quam Milonis Crotoniatae?

Cic. Sen. 9, 27; id. Phil. 3, 6, 16; id. Div. 2, 57, 117; Suet. Tib. 13; id. Ter. 2.— Sup.:

contemptissimorum consulum levitas,

Cic. Sest. 16, 36; so Quint. 12, 2, 2; Suet. Dom. 15.— Adv.: contemptē ( - temtē), contemptibly, despicably; only in comp. contemptius, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 1; Suet. Dom. 11 (but not Tac. H. 3, 47; v. contemptim).

con-temno (also contempno; cf. Ritschl Prol. ad Plaut. p. 103), tempsi (-temsi), temptum (-temtum), 3, v. a., to consider a person or thing as unimportant or of small value, to value little, esteem lightly, contemn, despise, disdain, defy, not to fear, etc. (very freq. in connection with irridere, despicere, non curare, pro nihilo ducere, etc.; opp.: expetere, efferre, timere, metuere, etc.; v. the foll. and cf. aspernor; fre[qacute]. and class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

With things as objects:

quodque ea, quae plerique vehementer expetunt, contemnant et pro nihilo ducant,

Cic. Off. 1, 9, 28; id. Fin. 3, 9, 29:

corporis voluptatem contemni et reici oportere,

id. Off. 1, 30, 106:

illum exercitum prae Gallicanis legionibus... magno opere contemno,

id. Cat. 2, 3, 5:

Romam prae suā Capuā irridebunt atque contemnent,

id. Agr. 2, 35, 95:

non usque eo L. Catilina rem publicam despexit atque contempsit, ut, etc.,

id. Mur. 37, 78; cf. id. Verr. 1, 3, 9:

quam (virtutem)... reliquā ex collatione facile est conterere atque contemnere,

in consequence of, id. Tusc. 5, 30, 85:

Isocrates videtur testimonio Platonis aliorum judicia debere contemnere,

id. Or. 13, 41:

magna sunt ea, quae dico: noli haec contemnere (= levia habere),

esteem lightly, id. Div. in Caecil. 12, 39: nullam rem in me esse quam ille contemnat (= non timeat), nullam in se quam pertimescat, id. ib. 7, 23; cf.

opp. metuere,

id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 43:

neque enim refutanda tantum, quae e contrario dicuntur, sed contemnenda, elevanda, ridenda sunt,

Quint. 6, 4, 10 Spald.; cf. id. 4, 1, 38 al. (cf. under II.):

imperium meum,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 10:

tuum consilium,

Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 15:

mea dona,

Lucr. 1, 48:

murmura ponti,

id. 3, 1045:

praeclare res humanas,

Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

parva ista,

Liv. 6, 41, 8:

laborem bene dicendi,

Quint. 1, prooem. 14:

metum jurisjurandi,

id. 5, 6, 3:

populi voces,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 65:

honores,

id. ib. 2, 7, 85:

cantus Apollineos prae se,

Ov. M. 11, 155:

Antoni gladios potuit contemnere (Cicero),

Juv. 10, 123:

paucitatem in hoste,

Curt. 3, 3, 28.— Poet.:

nullas illa suis contemnet fletibus aras,

neglect, leave unvisited, Prop. 1, 4, 23. —

With inf.:

non contemnas lippus inungi,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 29; so,

coronari Olympia,

id. ib. 1, 1, 50:

mori,

Sen. Phoen. 197. —

Absol.:

ut irascatur judex... faveat, contemnat,

Cic. Or. 38, 131; cf. Quint. 9, 1, 23.—

In part. fut. pass.:

quae (amplitudo animi) maxime eminet contemnendis et despiciendis doloribus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 26, 64:

documenta in contemnendis animalibus,

despicable, contemptible, Plin. 8, 29, 43, § 104. —Esp. freq. with a negative:

(orationes) non contemnendae saneque tolerabiles,

Cic. Brut. 79, 273; cf. under II.—

Poet., of things as subjects, to defy, be safe from, not to fear, to make light of:

adamantina saxa ictus contemnere sueta,

Lucr. 2, 448; cf. id. 5, 380; 5, 1216; Tib. 1, 3, 37:

contemnere ventos, of the island of Delos, because protected from the winds by the surrounding islands,

Verg. A. 3, 77; cf. id. G. 2, 360:

contemnunt mediam temeraria lina Charybdim,

Juv. 5, 102.—

With personal objects: a te contemni ac despici ac pro nihilo haberi senatum volunt, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 436, 27:

contemni se putant (senes), despici, illudi,

id. Sen. 18, 65; id. Off. 2, 10, 36:

omnes istos deridete atque contemnite,

id. de Or. 3, 14, 54; Sall. H. 1, 41, 24 Dietsch; Liv. 22, 39, 20; Quint. 6, 2, 3:

contemnere miser,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 14 et saep. —Se contemnere, to put a small value upon one's self, to have an humble or low opinion of one's self. (opp.:

sibi satisplacere),

Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 41; id. Mil. 4, 6, 21; and inversely: se non contemnere, to have a high regard for or estimate of one's self, Cic. Att. 12, 21, 5; id. Phil. 13, 7, 15; Liv. 4, 35, 9:

nec (Batavi) tributis contemnuntur,

are humiliated, Tac. G. 29.—

Absol.:

quae res illis contemnentibus perniciei fuit,

Nep. Thras. 2, 2.—

In part. fut. pass.:

ne T. quidem Postumius contemnendus in dicendo,

Cic. Brut. 77, 269; 13, 51; id. Or. 69, 231:

copiae neque numero neque genere hominum contemnendae,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

manus,

i. e. considerable, Suet. Tib. 25.—

Esp., to slight, speak contemptuously of, disparage:

contempsisti L. Murenae genus, extulisti tuum,

Cic. Mur. 7, 15; id. de Or. 1, 17, 75; 3, 16, 59: populi contemnere voces, Sic. Hor. S. 1, 1, 65.—Hence, contemptus ( - temtus), a, um, P. a., despised, despicable, contemptible, vile, abject (class.):

comtemptus et abjectus homo,

Cic. Agr. 2, 34, 93:

contempta ac sordida vita,

id. Planc. 5, 12:

a vili contemptoque,

Quint. 6, 1, 16:

res,

Hor. C. 3, 16, 25 et saep.—With dat.:

Trebellius per avaritiam ac sordes contemptus exercitui invisusque,

Tac. H. 1, 60.— Comp.:

quae vox potest esso contemptior, quam Milonis Crotoniatae?

Cic. Sen. 9, 27; id. Phil. 3, 6, 16; id. Div. 2, 57, 117; Suet. Tib. 13; id. Ter. 2.— Sup.:

contemptissimorum consulum levitas,

Cic. Sest. 16, 36; so Quint. 12, 2, 2; Suet. Dom. 15.— Adv.: contemptē ( - temtē), contemptibly, despicably; only in comp. contemptius, Sen. Brev. Vit. 12, 1; Suet. Dom. 11 (but not Tac. H. 3, 47; v. contemptim).

ăbĭcĭo or abjĭc- (in the best MSS. abicio; cf.

ăbĭci,

Ov. P. 2, 3, 37;

ăbĭcit,

Juv. 15, 17), ĕre, jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. [ab-jacio], to cast away, to throw away, throw down.

Lit.:

in sepulcrum ejus abjecta gleba non est,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 23 Müll.:

scutum,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23:

insigne regium de capite,

id. Sest. 27:

socer ad pedes abjectus,

id. ib. 34; so,

se ad pedes,

id. Phil. 2, 34, 86:

se e muro in mare,

id. Tusc. 1, 34; so,

corpus in mare,

id. Phil. 11, 2, 5:

impelluntur, feriuntur, abiciuntur, cadunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 15, 36:

se abjecit exanimatus,

he threw himself down as if lifeless, id. Sest. 37.— Absol.:

si te uret sarcina, abicito,

throw it down, Hor. Ep. 1, 13, 7.—Also with in and abl., when the place from which a thing is thrown is designated:

anulum in mari,

Cic. Fin. 5, 30, 92 Madv. N. cr.; so, ut se abiceret in herba, id. de Or. 1, 7, 28:

statuas in propatulo domi,

Nep. Hann. 9, 3:

cadaver in viā,

Suet. Ner. 48; cf.:

ubi cadaver abjeceris,

Tac. A. 1, 22.

Fig.

In gen., to cast off, throw away, give up, etc.:

ut primum tenebris abjectis inalbabat,

as soon as the day, having dispelled the darkness, was beginning to brighten, Enn. Ann. v. 219 Vahl.: nusquam ego vidi abjectas aedīs, nisi modo hasce, thrown away, i.e. sold too low, Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 3: psaltria aliquo abiciendast, must be got rid off ( il faut se defaire d'elle, Dacier), Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26:

vitam,

Cic. Att. 3, 19:

salutem pro aliquo,

id. Planc. 33:

memoriam beneficiorum,

id. Phil. 8, 11:

versum,

to declaim it carelessly, id. de Or. 3, 26 (cf. with id. ib. 3, 59: ponendus est ille ambitus, non abiciendus, the period must be brought gradually to a close, not broken off abruptly).

In partic.

To throw off, cast aside care for, remembrance of, etc., to give up, abandon:

abicimus ista,

we let that go, Cic. Att. 13, 3:

fama ingenii mihi est abicienda,

I must renounce, id. ib. 9, 16: domum Sullanam desperabam jam... sed tamen non abjeci, but yet I have not abandoned it, i. e. its purchase, id. Fam. 9, 15:

abjectis nugis,

nonsense apart, Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 141 (cf. amoto ludo, id. S. 1, 1, 27).

To cast down to a lower grade, to degrade, humble, Cic. Leg. 1, 9: hic annus senatus auctoritatem abjecit, degraded or lowered the authority of the Senate, id. Att. 1, 18; so also id. Tusc. 5, 18; id. de Or. 3, 26, 104.—Hence, abjectae res, reduced circumstances (opp. florentes), Nep. Att. 8; Cic. Quint. 30; Tac. A. 4, 68.

Abicere se, to throw one's self away, degrade one's self, v. Cic. Tusc. 2, 23: ut enim fit, etc.—Hence, abjectus, a, um, P. a., downcast, disheartened, désponding; low, mean, abject, worthless, unprincipled.

Quo me miser conferam? An domum? matremne ut miseram lamentantem videam et abjectam? Gracch. ap. Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 214:

plura scribere non possum, ita sum animo perculso et abjecto,

Cic. Att. 3, 2.—

Nihil abjectum, nihil humile cogitare, Cic. Fin. 5, 20:

contemptum atque abjectum,

id. Agr. 2, 34:

verbis nec inops nec abjectus,

id. Brut. 62, 222 al. — Comp.:

animus abjectior,

Cic. Lael. 16; Liv. 9, 6.— Sup.:

animus abjectissimus,

Quint. 11, 1, 13 al. — Adv.: abjectē.

Dispiritedly, despondingly:

in dolore est providendum, ne quid abjecte, ne quid timide, ne quid ignave faciamus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 55; id. Phil. 3, 11, 28.—

Low, meanly:

quo sordidius et abjectius nati sunt,

Tac. Or. 8:

incuriose et abjecte verbum positum,

improperly, Gell. 2, 6, 1.

dē-mitto, mīsi, missum, 3, v. a., to send down; to drop; to let, sink, or bring down; to cause to hang or fall down; to lower, put down, let fall (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

picis e caelo demissum flumen,

Lucr. 6, 257; cf.:

caelo imbrem,

Verg. G. 1, 23:

caelo ancilia,

Liv. 5, 54 et saep.:

barbam malis,

Lucr. 5, 673:

latum clavum pectore,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 28; cf.:

monilia pectoribus,

Verg. A. 7, 278:

laenam ex humeris,

id. ib. 4, 263: Maia genitum demittit ab alto, Verg. A. 1, 297; cf.:

ab aethere currum, Ov M. 7, 219: e muro sporta,

Sall. Hist. 2, 53:

aliquem in sporta per murum,

Vulg. 2 Cor. 11, 33:

taleam (sc. in terram),

to put into the ground, plant, Cato R. R. 45, 2;

arbores altius,

Plin. 17, 11, 16, § 81:

puteum alte in solido,

i. e. to sink deep, Verg. G. 2, 231:

triginta pedes in terram turrium fundamenta,

Curt. 5, 1, 31:

arbusta certo demittunt tempore florem,

Lucr. 5, 670:

demisit nardini amphoram cellarius (i. e. deprompsit),

Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 12:

fasces,

Cic. Rep. 2, 31; cf. id. ib. 1, 40:

cibos (sc. in alvum),

Quint. 10, 1, 19; cf. Ov. M. 8, 835.—Naut. t. t., to lower, demittere antennas, Sall. Hist. 4, 41 Dietsch.;

Auct. B. Alex. 45, 2: cornua (i.e. antennas),

Ov. M. 11, 482; cf.:

effugit hibernas demissa antenna procellas,

id. Tr. 3, 4, 9:

arma, classem, socios Rheno,

Tac. A. 1, 45 fin.; cf.: farinam doliis secundā aquā Volturni fluminis, Frontin. Strat. 3, 14, 2;

and pecora secundā aquā,

id. ib. 3, 14, 4:

manum artifices demitti infra pectus vetant,

Quint. 11, 3, 112; cf.

brachia,

id. 2, 13, 9:

frontem (opp. attolli),

id. 11, 3, 78:

supercilia (opp. allevari), ib. § 79: aures,

Hor. Od. 2, 13, 34; cf.

auriculas,

id. S. 1, 9, 20:

caput,

Ov. M. 10, 192:

crinem,

id. ib. 6, 289:

demisso capite,

Vulg. Job 32, 6 al.:

aliquos per funem,

Verg. A. 2, 262; Hor. A. P. 461:

vestem,

id. S. 1, 2, 95; cf.

tunicam,

id. ib. 25:

stolam,

id. ib. 99 et saep.; often in a violent manner, to cast down, to cast, throw, thrust, plunge, drive, etc.:

equum in flumen,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; cf.:

equos a campo in cavam viam,

Liv. 23, 47:

aliquem in carcerem,

Liv. 34, 44 fin.; cf. Sall. C. 55, 4:

aliquem ad imos Manes,

Verg. A. 12, 884:

hostem in ovilia,

Hor. Od. 4, 4, 10:

gladium in jugulum,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 28; cf.:

ferrum in ilia,

Ov. M. 4, 119:

sublicas in terram,

Caes. B. G. 3, 49, 4; cf.:

huc stipites,

id. ib. 7, 73, 3 and 6:

huc caementa,

Hor. Od. 3, 1, 35:

nummum in loculos,

to put, id. Ep. 2, 1, 175:

calculum atrum in urnam,

Ov. M. 15, 44:

milia sex nummum in arcam nummariam,

Nov. Com. v. 108 Rib.: caput ad fornicem Fabii, to bow, stoop, Crassus ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 267: tunicam ad talos, Varr. ap. Non. 286, 19; cf. Cic. Clu. 40, 111; Quint. 5, 13, 39 et saep.:

quove velim magis fessas demittere naves,

Verg. A. 5, 29; cf.:

navem secundo amni Scodam,

Liv. 44, 31.— Poet. with dat.:

corpora Stygiae nocti tormentis,

Ov. M. 3, 695; cf.:

aliquem neci,

Verg. A. 2, 85:

aliquem Orco,

id. ib. 2, 398; Hor. Od. 1, 28, 11:

aliquem umbris,

Sil. 11, 142:

ferrum jugulo,

Ov. H. 14, 5:

ferrum lacubus,

id. M. 12, 278:

offa demittitur faucibus boum,

Plin. 27, 11, 76, § 101.—

Se, or in the pass. form with middle signif., to let one's self down, stoop, descend:

(venti vortex) ubi se in terras demisit,

Lucr. 6, 446:

se inguinibus tenus in aquam calidam,

Cels. 1, 3:

se ad aurem alicujus,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 30; cf.:

cum se demittit ob assem,

Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 64:

concava vallis erat, qua se demittere rivi Assuerant,

Ov. M. 8, 334 al.:

nonullae (matres familias) de muris per manus demissae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 47, 6.— Prov.: demitti de caelo, or simply caelo, to be sent down from heaven, i. e. to be of celestial origin, Liv. 10, 8, 10; Quint. 1, 6, 16.—

Esp., milit. t. t.

To send, bring, or lead down soldiers into a lower place:

in loca plana agmen demittunt,

Liv. 9, 27; cf.:

agmen in vallem infimam,

id. 7, 34:

equites Numidas in inferiorem campum,

id. 27, 18:

agmen in Thessaliam,

id. 32, 13; 38, 2: exercitum in planitiem, Frontin. Strat. 1, 2, 7 al.; and without in:

agmen,

Liv. 9, 2:

levem armaturam,

id. 22, 28 al.:

cum se major pars agminis in magnam convallem demisisset,

had descended, Caes. B. G. 5, 32 fin.;

so with se,

id. ib. 6, 40, 6; 7, 28, 2; id. B. C. 1, 79, 4; Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4 al.—

Arma demittere, in making a military salute: armis demissis salutationem more militari faciunt, with grounded arms, Auct. B. Afr. 85, 6. —

Trop., to cast down, let sink, etc.:

demisere oculos omnes gemitumque dedere,

Ov. M. 15, 612; cf.:

vultu demisso,

Vulg. Isa. 49, 23:

demissis in terram oculis,

Liv. 9, 38, 13;

also in sleep: cadit inscia clavo Dextera, demittitque oculos,

Val. Fl. 3, 41:

vultum,

Val. Max. 8, 14, 5; Curt. 6, 32, 1:

vultum animumque metu,

Ov. M. 7, 133; cf.

vultus,

id. ib. 10, 367; Liv. 2, 58. hoc in pectus tuum demitte, impress this deeply on your mind, Sall. J. 102 fin.; cf.:

eas voces in pectora animosque,

Liv. 34, 50; and:

dolor hoc altius demissus, quo minus profiteri licet,

Just. 8, 5, 11: cum in eum casum me fortuna demisisset, ut, etc., had reduced, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 8, 2:

dignitatem in discrimen,

Liv. 3, 35:

vim dicendi ad unum auditorem (opp. supra modum sermonis attolli),

Quint. 1, 2, 31; to engage in, enter upon, embark in, meddle with:

me penitus in causam,

Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; cf.:

me in res turbulentissimas,

id. Fam. 9, 1, 2: cogita ne te eo demittas, unde, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16 fin.:

se in comparationem,

Suet. Rhet. 6:

se in adulationem,

to descend to, Tac. A. 15, 73:

se usque ad servilem patientiam,

id. ib. 14, 26:

se ad minora illa,

Quint. 1 prooem. § 5: re in secunda tollere animos et in mala demittere, to let it sink, i. e. to be disheartened, Lucil. ap. Non. 286, 7; cf.:

si vicerint, efferunt se laetitia: victi debilitantur animosque demittunt,

Cic. Fin. 5, 15, 42; so,

animos (with contrahere),

id. Tusc. 4, 6 fin.; and:

animum (with contrahere),

id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, § 4:

mentes,

Verg. A. 12, 609 (desperant, sicut e contra sperantes aliquid erigunt mentes, Serv.); and with abl.:

ne se admodum animo demitterent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 29.—In geom., t. t., to let fall a line, Vitr. 3, 5, 5.—Hence, dēmissus, a, um, P. a., brought down, lowered.

Lit.

Of localities, sunken, low-lying, low (cf. dejectus, P. a., no. I.):

campestribus ac demissis locis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72, 3; cf.:

loca demissa ac palustria,

id. B. C. 3, 49, 5.—

Of other things, drooping, falling, hanging down:

demissis umeris esse,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 22 Ruhnk.:

tremulus, labiis demissis,

with flabby lips, id. ib. 2, 3, 44:

demisso capite discedere,

Cic. Clu. 21, 58; cf.:

tristes, capite demisso,

Caes. B. G. 1, 32:

demisso vultu,

with downcast looks, Sall. C. 31, 7.— Poet. in Gr. constr.:

Dido vultum demissa,

Verg. A. 1, 561.—Also deep:

demissa vulnera,

Sen. Ep. 67 fin. —

Trop.

Downcast, dejected, dispirited, low (freq.):

erigebat animum jam demissum,

Cic. Clu. 21, 58:

esse fracto animo et demisso,

id. Fam. 1, 9, 16:

(homines) animo demisso atque humili,

id. Font. 11; cf. id. Tusc. 2, 21:

demisso animo fuit,

Sall. J. 98 al.:

demissa voce loqui,

Verg. A. 3, 320.—In the comp.:

nihilo demissiore animo causa ipse pro se dicta,

Liv. 4, 44.— Transf. to the person:

quis P. Sullam nisi moerentem, demissum afflictumque vidit?

Cic. Sull. 26 fin.:

videsne illum demissum?

id. Mur. 21, 45; Quint. 1, 3, 10 al.— Comp.:

orator in ornamentis et verborum et sententiarum demissior,

Cic. Or. 24, 81.—

Lowly, humble, unassuming, shy, retiring (opp. elatus, lofty, proud):

ea omnia, quae proborum, demissorum, non acrium sunt, valde benevolentiam conciliant,

Cic. de Or. 2, 43, 182; cf.:

multum demissus homo,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 57:

sit apud vos modestiae locus, sit demissis hominibus perfugium, sit auxilium pudori,

Cic. Mur. 40, 87.—

Rarely of external condition, humble, poor:

qui demissi in obscuro vitam habent (opp. qui magno imperio praediti in excelso aetatem habent),

Sall. C. 51, 12.—

Poet., and in Tacitus, of genealogical descent, descended, derived, sprung:

ab alto Demissum genus Aenea,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 63; so Verg. G. 3, 35: id. A. 1, 288; Stat. Th. 2, 613; Tac. A. 12, 58.— Sup. does not occur. — Adv.: dēmisse.

Lit., low:

hic alte, demissius ille volabat,

Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 23.—

Trop., humbly, modestly, abjectly, meanly:

non est ausus elate et ample loqui, cum humiliter demisseque sentiret,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 24:

suppliciter demisseque respondere,

id. Fl. 10, 21:

se tueri,

id. Att. 2, 18, 3.— Sup.: haec quam potest demississime atque subjectissime exponit, * Caes. B. C. 1, 84 fin.

prĕmo, essi, essum, 3, v. a. [etym. dub.; cf. prelum], to press (class.).

Lit.:

pede pedem alicui premere,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 30:

et trepidae matres pressere ad pectora natos,

Verg. A. 7, 518:

veluti qui sentibus anguem Pressit humi nitens,

id. ib. 2, 379:

novercae Monstra manu premens,

id. ib. 8, 288:

pressit et inductis membra paterna rotis,

i. e. drove her chariot over her father's body, Ov. Ib. 366:

trabes Hymettiae Premunt columnas,

press, rest heavily upon them, Hor. C. 2, 18, 3:

premere terga genu alicujus,

Ov. Am. 3, 2, 24:

ubera plena,

i. e. to milk, id. F. 4, 769:

vestigia alicujus,

to tread in, to follow one's footsteps, Tac. A. 2, 14:

nudis pressit qui calcibus anguem,

Juv. 1, 43:

dente frena,

to bite, to champ, Ov. M. 10, 704:

ore aliquid,

to chew, eat, id. ib. 5, 538; cf.:

aliquid morsu,

Lucr. 3, 663:

presso molari,

with compressed teeth, Juv. 5, 160:

pressum lac,

i. e. cheese, Verg. E. 1, 82.—In mal. part.:

Hister Peucen premerat Antro,

forced, Val. Fl. 8, 256:

uxorem,

Suet. Calig. 25.—Of animals:

feminas premunt galli,

Mart. 3, 57, 17.—

Transf.

Poet., to bear down upon, to touch:

premere litora,

Ov. M. 14, 416:

litus,

to keep close to the shore, Hor. C. 2, 10, 3:

aëra,

i. e. to fly, Luc. 7, 835.—

Poet., to hold fast, hold, firmly grasp:

premere frena manu,

Ov. M. 8, 37:

ferrum,

to grasp, Sil. 5, 670:

capulum,

id. 2, 615.—

Poet., to press a place with one's body, i. e. to sit, stand, lie, fall, or seat one's self on any thing:

toros,

Ov. H. 12, 30:

sedilia,

id. M. 5, 317:

hoc quod premis habeto,

id. ib. 5, 135:

et pictam positā pharetram cervice premebat,

id. ib. 2, 421:

humum,

to lie on the ground, id. Am. 3, 5, 16; cf. id. F. 4, 844:

frondes tuo premis ore caducas,

id. M. 9, 650; Sen. Hippol. 510.—

To cover, to conceal by covering (mostly poet.):

aliquid terrā,

to conceal, bury in the earth, Hor. Epod. 1, 33:

nonumque prematur in annum,

kept back, suppressed, id. A. P. 388:

omne lucrum tenebris alta premebat humus,

Ov. Am. 3, 8, 36:

ossa male pressa,

i. e. buried, id. Tr. 5, 3, 39; Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; hence, to crown, to cover or adorn with any thing:

ut premerer sacrā lauro,

Hor. C. 3, 4, 18:

molli Fronde crinem,

Verg. A. 4, 147:

canitiem galeā,

id. ib. 9, 612:

mitrā capillos,

Ov. F. 4, 517; cf. Verg. A. 5, 556.—

To make, form, or shape any thing by pressing ( poet.):

quod surgente die mulsere horisque diurnis, Nocte premunt,

they make into cheese, Verg. G. 3, 400:

os fingit premendo,

id. A. 6, 80:

caseos,

id. E. 1, 35:

mollem terram,

Vulg. Sap. 15, 7; Calp. Ecl. 5, 34.—

To press hard upon, bear down upon, to crowd, pursue closely:

hostes de loco superiore,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

Pompeiani nostros premere et instare coeperunt,

id. B. C. 3, 46:

hac fugerent Graii, premeret Trojana juventus,

Verg. A. 1, 467:

Pergamenae naves cum adversarios premerent acrius,

Nep. Hann. 11, 5:

hinc Rutulus premit, et murum circumsonat armis,

Verg. A. 8, 473:

obsidione urbem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 32.—Of the pursuit or chase of animals:

ad retia cervum,

Verg. G. 3, 413:

spumantis apri cursum clamore,

id. A. 1, 324:

bestias venatione,

Isid. 10, 282.—

To press down, burden, load, freight:

nescia quem premeret,

on whose back she sat, Ov. M. 2, 869:

tergum equi,

id. ib. 8, 34;

14, 343: et natat exuviis Graecia pressa suis,

Prop. 4, 1, 114 (5, 1, 116):

pressae carinae,

Verg. G. 1, 303:

pressus membra mero,

Prop. 2, 12 (3, 7), 42:

magno et gravi onere armorum pressi,

Caes. B. G. 4, 24:

auro phaleras,

to adorn, Stat. Th. 8, 567.—

To press into, force in, press upon:

(caprum) dentes in vite prementem,

Ov. F. 1, 355:

presso sub vomere,

Verg. G. 2, 356; cf.:

presso aratro,

Tib. 4, 1, 161:

alte ensem in corpore,

Stat. Th. 11, 542:

et nitidas presso pollice finge comas,

Prop. 3, 8 (4, 9), 14:

et cubito remanete presso,

leaning upon, Hor. C. 1, 27, 8. —

To make with any thing ( poet.):

aeternā notā,

Ov. F. 6, 610:

littera articulo pressa tremente,

id. H. 10, 140:

multā via pressa rotā,

id. ib. 18, 134.—

To press down, let down, cause to sink down, to lower:

nec preme, nec summum molire per aethera currum,

Ov. M. 2, 135:

humanaeque memor sortis, quae tollit eosdem, Et premit,

id. Tr. 3, 11, 67:

mundus ut ad Scythiam Rhiphaeasque arduus arces Consurgit, premitur Libyae devexus in Austros,

sinks down, Verg. G. 1, 240; Sen. Herc. Fur. 155. —

In partic.

To set, plant:

virgulta per agros,

Verg. G. 2, 346; 26.—

To make or form by pressing down, to make any thing deep, to dig:

vestigio leviter presso,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 53; cf.

(trop.): vestigia non pressa leviter, sed fixa,

id. Sest. 5, 13:

sulcum premere,

to draw a furrow, Verg. A. 10, 296:

fossam transversam, inter montes pressit (al. percussit),

Front. Strat. 1, 5:

fossa pressa,

Plin. Ep. 10, 69, 4:

cavernae in altitudinem pressae,

Curt. 5, 1, 28.—

To strike to the ground, to strike down:

tres famulos,

Verg. A. 9, 329:

paucos,

Tac. H. 4, 2.—

To press closely, compress, press together, close:

oculos,

Verg. A. 9, 487:

alicui fauces,

Ov. M. 12, 509:

laqueo collum,

to strangle, Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37:

angebar ceu guttura forcipe pressus,

Ov. M. 9, 78:

presso gutture,

compressed, Verg. G. 1, 410; cf.:

siquidem unius praecordia pressit ille (boletus) senis,

i. e. stopped his breath, Juv. 6, 621:

quibus illa premetur Per somnum digitis,

choked, id. 14, 221:

amplexu presso,

united, in close embrace, Sen. Oedip. 192:

oscula jungere pressa,

to exchange kisses, Ov. H. 2, 94; so,

pressa basia,

Mart. 6, 34, 1:

presso gradu incedere,

in close ranks, foot to foot, Liv. 28, 14:

pede presso,

id. 8, 8.—

In partic.

To shorten, tighten, draw in:

pressis habenis,

Verg. A. 11, 600 (cf.:

laxas dure habenas,

id. ib. 1, 63).—

To keep short, prune:

Calenā falce vitem,

Hor. C. 1, 31, 9:

luxuriem falce,

Ov. M. 14, 628:

falce premes umbras (i. e. arbores umbrantes),

Verg. G. 1, 157; 4, 131:

molle salictum,

Calp. Ecl. 5, 110.—

To check, arrest, stop:

premere sanguinem,

Tac. A. 15, 64:

vestigia pressit,

Verg. A. 6, 197:

attoniti pressere gradum,

Val. Fl. 2, 424 ' dixit, pressoque obmutuit ore, was silent, Verg. A. 6, 155.—

To press out, bring out by pressure:

tenerā sucos pressere medullā,

Luc. 4, 318; cf.: (equus) collectumque fremens volvit sub naribus ignem, Verg. ap. Sen. Ep. 95, 68, and id. G. 3, 85 Rib.—

To frequent: feci ut cotidie praesentem me viderent, habitavi in [p. 1441] oculis, pressi forum, Cic. Planc. 27, 66.—

Trop.

To press, press upon, oppress, overwhelm, weigh down; to urge, drive, importune, pursue, to press close or hard, etc. (class.):

ego istum pro suis factis pessumis pessum premam,

Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 49 Lorenz ad loc.:

quae necessitas eum tanta premebat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

ea, quae premant, et ea, quae impendeant,

id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

aerumnae, quae me premunt,

Sall. J. 14, 22:

pressus gravitate soporis,

bound by heavy, deep sleep, Ov. M. 15, 21:

cum aut aere alieno, aut magnitudine tributorum, aut injuriā potentium premuntur,

Caes. B. G. 6, 13:

invidia et odio populi premi,

Cic. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

premi periculis,

id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:

cum a me premeretur,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139; cf.:

aliquem verbo,

id. Tusc. 1, 7, 13:

criminibus veris premere aliquem,

Ov. M. 14, 401:

cum a plerisque ad exeundum premeretur, exire noluit,

was pressed, urged, importuned, Nep. Ages. 6, 1:

a Pompeii procuratoribus sescentis premi coeptus est,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 3: numina nulla premunt;

mortali urgemur ab hoste,

Verg. A. 10, 375:

premere reum voce, vultu,

Tac. A. 3, 67:

crimen,

to pursue obstinately, Quint. 7, 2, 12:

confessionem,

to force a confession from one, id. 7, 1, 29:

argumentum etiam atque etiam,

to pursue steadily, Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

ancipiti mentem formidine pressus,

Verg. A. 3, 47:

maerore pressa,

Sen. Oct. 103:

veritate pressus negare non potuit,

overcome, overpowered, Lact. 4, 13.—

Transf.

To repress, hide, conceal (mostly poet.):

dum nocte premuntur,

Verg. A. 6, 827:

curam sub corde,

id. ib. 4, 332:

odium,

Plin. Pan. 62:

iram,

Tac. A. 6, 50:

pavorem et consternationem mentis vultu,

id. ib. 13, 16:

interius omne secretum,

Sen. Ep. 3, 4:

dolorem silentio,

Val. Max. 3, 3, 1 ext.; cf. silentia, Sil. 12, 646:

aliquid ore,

Verg. A. 7, 103:

jam te premet nox,

Hor. C. 1, 4, 16.—

To lower, diminish, undervalue, disparage, depreciate:

premendorum superiorum arte sese extollebat,

Liv. 22, 12:

arma Latini,

Verg. A. 11, 402:

opuscula ( = deprimere atque elevare),

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 36:

famam alicujus,

Tac. A. 15, 49:

premere ac despicere,

Quint. 11, 1, 16:

premere tumentia, humilia extollere,

id. ib. 10, 4, 1.—

To surpass, exceed:

facta premant annos,

Ov. M. 7, 449:

ne prisca vetustas Laude pudicitiae saecula nostra premat,

id. P. 3, 1, 116:

quantum Latonia Nymphas Virgo premit,

Stat. S. 1, 2, 115.—

To rule ( poet.):

dicione premere populos,

Verg. A. 7, 737:

imperio,

id. ib. 1, 54:

Mycenas Servitio premet,

id. ib. 1, 285.—

To suppress, pull down, humble, degrade:

quae (vocabula) nunc situs premit,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 118:

nec premendo alium me extulisse velim,

Liv. 22, 59, 10; cf. id. 39, 41, 1:

premebat reum crimen,

id. 3, 13, 1.—

To compress, abridge, condense:

haec enim, quae dilatantur a nobis, Zeno sic premebat,

Cic. N. D. 2, 7, 20.—

To check, arrest, repress, restrain:

cursum ingenii tui, Brute, premit haec importuna clades civitatis,

Cic. Brut. 97, 332:

sub imo Corde gemitum,

Verg. A. 10, 464:

vocem,

to be silent, id. ib. 9, 324:

sermones vulgi,

to restrain, Tac. A. 3, 6.—

To store up, lay up in the mind, muse upon:

(vocem) ab ore Eripuit pater ac stupefactus numine pressit,

Verg. A. 7, 119.—Hence, pressus, a, um, P. a.

Moderate, slow, suppressed, kept down.

Lit.:

presso pede eos retro cedentes principes recipiebant,

Liv. 8, 8, 9:

presso gradu,

id. 28, 14, 14; cf.:

pressoque legit vestigia gressu,

Ov. M. 3, 17.—

Trop.

Of the voice or manner, subdued:

haec cum pressis et flebilibus modis, qui totis theatris maestitiam inferant,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 44, 106.—

Of color, lowered, depressed; hence, dark, gloomy:

color pressus,

Pall. 4, 13, 4:

color viridi pressior,

Plin. 35, 6, 13, § 32:

spadices pressi,

Serv. Verg. G. 3, 82.—

Esp., of an orator or of speech.

Compressed, concise, plain, without ornament (class.):

fiunt pro grandibus tumidi, pressis exiles, fortibus temerarii, etc.,

Quint. 10, 2, 16:

cum Attici pressi et integri, contra Asiani inflati et inanes haberentur,

id. 12, 10, 18.—Of style:

pressa et tenuia, et quae minimum ab usu cotidiano recedant,

Quint. 10, 1, 102:

pressus et demissus stilus,

Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 5; Quint. 4, 2, 117.— Comp.: in concionibus pressior, et circumscriptior, et adductior, more moderate, keeping more within bounds, Plin. Ep. 1, 16, 4.—

Close, exact, accurate:

Thucydides ita verbis aptus et pressus, ut,

Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 56: quis te fuit umquam in partiundis rebus pressior? more exact, more accurate, id. Fragm. ap. Non. 364, 24:

sicuti taxare pressius crebriusque est, quam tangere,

Gell. 2, 6, 5:

quod (periculum) observandum pressiore cautelā censeo,

stricter, greater, App. M. 5, p. 160, 36:

cogitationes pressiores,

id. ib. 5, p. 163, 32.—So of sounds, precise, intelligible:

(lingua) vocem profusam fingit atque sonos vocis distinctos et pressos facit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 59, 149.—Hence, adv.: pressē, with pressure, violently (class.): artius pressiusque conflictata, Atei. Capito ap. Gell. 10, 6, 2.—

Closely, tightly.

Lit.:

vites pressius putare,

Pall. 12, 9:

pressius colla radere,

Veg. Vet. 1, 56.—

Trop.

Of pronunciation, shortly, neatly, trimly:

loqui non aspere, non vaste, non rustice, sed presse, et aequabiliter, et leniter,

Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 45; id. Off. 1, 37, 133.—

Of the mode of expression, etc., concisely, not diffusely:

definire presse et anguste,

Cic. Or. 33, 117:

abundanter dicere, an presse,

Quint. 8, 3, 40:

pressius et astrictius scripsi,

Plin. Ep. 3, 18, 10.—

Without ornament, simply:

unum (genus oratorum) attenuate presseque, alterum sublate ampleque dicentium,

Cic. Brut. 55, 202:

aliquid describere modo pressius, modo elatius,

Plin. Ep. 4, 14, 3.—

Closely, exactly, correctly, accurately:

mihi placet agi subtilius, et pressius,

Cic. Fin. 4, 10, 24:

definiunt pressius,

id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14:

anquisitius, et exactius pressiusque disserere,

Gell. 1, 3, 21.